A citizen's reference · Independent & unaffiliated · Research verified Aug 20–25, 2026 · Links checked Sept 16, 2026

The Public Ledger

The Election Ledger/2020 fraud claims, as tested

An itemized account of the claims of fraud in the 2020 presidential election — each recorded three times: as it spread, as it was publicly asserted, and as it fared when a court, auditor, or investigator actually tested it.

This ledger records dispositions, not conclusions. Each section leads with the strongest version of the claim, in the words of the people who made it. What follows is the full anatomy of the claim's life: who asserted and amplified it, through which outlets and platforms it spread, how far it reached (always as reported — never as a verified count), how quickly it was answered, what happened when it met a test — a courtroom, a hand count of paper ballots, an audit, an investigation — what the litigation over it cost, and whether anyone who made it ever corrected it.

Where part of a claim turned out to be true, that finding is recorded in the same section, with the same prominence — a ledger where every row says "false" is a rebuttal, not an accounting. And a dismissal on procedural grounds is not a finding that a claim was false, and is never presented as one: claims that were withdrawn by their own asserters, or never put before any court at all, are labeled exactly that way, because what the asserters did with their claims when a test loomed is itself part of the record. A claim's disposition is whatever its most probative test produced.

Merits Threshold only Investigation or audit Never tested Substantiated Partly substantiated Unsubstantiated Found false Withdrawn / admitted false Not final Never corrected Corrected under legal pressure Retracted & apologized Mixed correction record The first row answers how the claim was tested; the second answers what the test found; the third is the correction record — whether the claim's asserters and amplifiers ever corrected it, as of each entry's stated date. Every entry lists every venue and every source — found an error? Send a correction.
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